Design and fabrication of biomass densification machine for teaching and research purposes

Abstract In developing nations, research output is limited due to factors like unreliable power supply and inadequate laboratory equipment. The high cost of purchasing completed equipment the unavailability accessories for imported further contribute this issue. A biomass densification machine was designed constructed address these challenges teaching purposes. tested at five different compaction pressures (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 kPa) using gelatinized cassava starch as a binder. physical mechanical characteristics produced fuel briquettes were investigated following ASTM standards procedures reported in literature. results show that properties increase with pressure. compressive strength, durability, water resistance varied between 55 101 kN·m −2 , 89–99%, 20–120 min, respectively, while compressed relaxed densities range from 0.780 1.220 g·cm −3 0.670 0.990 respectively. performed satisfactorily because briquettes’ found meet specified ISO Standard (17225). development will enable academic institutions, researchers, students harness potential through process without posed by creation also facilitate students’ hands-on learning. By providing an easily accessible reliable platform, institutions can integrate solid production experiments into their curricula, fostering thorough understanding renewable energy solutions supporting sustainable practices. Therefore, it be recommended nations. Incorporating electronic component, such digital pressure gauge electric hydraulic jack, future enhance performance.